Global Surgery Indicators in Indonesia
Executive summary
This analysis tracks Indonesia's surgical system against the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery indicator frame, covering 514 districts across 34 analysis provinces using BPJS claims and workforce data from 2016 to 2024. Nationally, 90.8% of the population falls within a timely two-team surgical access surface, and the bellwether procedure rate rose to 519.79 per 100,000 in 2024 while perioperative case fatality fell to 0.36%. The headline picture is one of strong national averages masking sharp geographic divides, with eastern islands such as Papua, Maluku, and Sulawesi far below the rest of the country. Explore the interactive views to see where workforce supply, surgical volume, patient drift, and outcomes diverge at the district level.
Questions this report answers
- Can Indonesians reach timely, safe surgical care?
- How uneven is access across islands and districts?
- How have surgical volume and perioperative outcomes changed?
Key findings
- Modelled timely access to a two-team SAO-capable hospital reaches 90.8% of the population, covering 256.0 million of 282.0 million people.
- Indonesia counts 13,889 specialist surgeons, anaesthetists, OB/GYNs, and orthopedists by headcount, supporting 1,602 SAO-capable hospitals in 2024.
- The any-bellwether procedure rate climbed from 369.71 per 100,000 in 2016 to 519.79 per 100,000 in 2024, totalling 1,516,832 weighted procedures in 2024.
- Perioperative in-hospital case fatality for any bellwether procedure fell from 0.849% in 2016 to 0.36% in 2024.
- Access is highly uneven across islands: coverage reaches 99.6% in Bali and Nusa Tenggara and 97.8% in Jawa but only 33% in Sulawesi, 10.6% in Maluku, and 0% in Papua.
- In 2024, 26.54% of weighted bellwether procedures crossed district boundaries, and 53 districts had missing rates or zero observed claims.